Every developer has used object-oriented programming (OOP) at some time in their career, and it is considered to be a fundamental programming paradigm. When using OOPs, the primary goal is to securely bind together data and the functions that perform operations on them, preventing any other portion of code from accessing that information.
In this blog, I will explain what is OOPs concept, principles of the OOPs concept, and how to create a CRUD operation with laravel, which is well known in web development.
What is OOPs?
Object-Oriented Programming system (OOPs) is an approach to software development that models applications around real-world objects such as employees, cars, bank accounts, etc.
Two of the general OOPs concepts in Java are class and object. A class defines the properties and methods of a real-world object, while an object is an occurrence of a class.
There are three basic components of object orientation. These are:
Major Principles of OOP
Let me introduce you to the three major principles of OOP.
Encapsulation
Reducing the complexity in software development is the main purpose of encapsulation. It is done so by hiding the implementation details and revealing only the operations. Thus using a class becomes easier.
Through methods like get and set, access to the class variables makes the class easy to maintain and flexible so that the internal state of an object is protected. This way, without worrying about breaking the code, the internal implementation of the base class can be changed.
Inheritance
Re-usability is the main purpose of inheritance. Here, it is concerned with the relationship between classes. Various classes can use the methods defined to inherit from a parent class.
For instance, where you have to provide common functionality like adding, updating, and deleting data from the database, inheritance can be quite useful.
Polymorphism
To simplify maintaining applications and make them more extendable is the purpose of polymorphism. It is concerned with having different implementation ways for a single form.
How to create a CRUD Operation with Laravel?
Laravel is open source web application framework with expressive, elegant syntax. A web framework provides a structure and starting point to creating an application, letting you focus on the main aspects. Laravel is ideal for server-side operations, and you can combine it with frontend frameworks like React to build a React CRUD frontend. As a result, you can make applications dynamic and interactive for end-users.
As a PHP framework, Laravel supports object-oriented programming. The model view controller(MVC) design pattern is used by Laravel to create its applications.
PHP supports object-oriented programming, which is both quicker and easier to perform than traditional programming languages. Php4 was the first version of PHP to include object-oriented programming (OOP). When it comes to coding, object-oriented programming is a technique that allows developers to arrange the data and structure of an application into classes.
We will now see how to create a CRUD operation (Create , Read , Update and Delete).
To start with any programming language, you should have basic knowledge of whichever language you are going to start. Therefore, I am starting with Laravel, which is very famous in web development.
Step 1: Install the Laravel Project
The first step is to install the Laravel project. You can download any version of Laravel. Here, I have shared below the official website of Laravel:
You can install it with composer, or you can just install the folder and keep it in your htdocs folder.
You can download the composer by using the steps given in the below link:
You may verify if Composer is installed in your system by opening a CMD (command prompt) and typing composer, and pressing enter. The Composer will appear to you as follows:
Now you are ready to install the Laravel project. To do so, please follow the steps below:
Firstly have to visit Laravel's official website.
Here you can choose any version which you want to work with :
Select your app version and scroll down to you will see the command as shown below:
composer create-project –prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog “5.8.*”
Please use this command in your cmd panel, and once you hit this command, your project will start downloading.
Make sure you are downloading in htdocs folder:
It will take a couple of minutes, and once the project is downloaded, you will see a folder structure as shown in the image below:
Step 2: Update Database Configuration
In the second step, you will make a database configuration. For example, database name, username, password, etc., for your CRUD application of Laravel 5.8. So now you have to open .env file and fill in all details as shown below:
Step 3: Create the Table
You are going to create a CRUD application for the product. So, you have to create migration for “products” table using Laravel 5.8 PHP artisan command.
First, run this command in your project directory :
php artisan make:migration create_products_table –create=products
Here you can see your recently created migration:
Open your migration file and paste the below mentioned :
<?php
use IlluminateSupportFacadesSchema;
use IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBlueprint;
use IlluminateDatabaseMigrationsMigration;
class CreateProductsTable extends Migration
{
public function up()
{
Schema::create(‘products', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments(‘id');
$table->string(‘name');
$table->text(‘detail');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists(‘products');
}
}
Now you have to run the command :php artisan migrate. And once you run this command, your table will be created in the database.
Step 4: Create a Resource Route
Here, we need to add a resource route for the product CRUD application. So to do this, open your “routes/web.php” file and add the following route.
routes/web.php
Route::resource(‘products','ProductController');
Step 5: Create Controller and Model
In this step, we should now create a new controller as ProductController. So run the command below and create a new controller. Use the new controller to create a resource controller.
php artisan make:controller ProductController –resource –model=Product
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use AppProduct;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
class ProductController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$products = Product::latest()->paginate(5);
return view(‘products.index',compact(‘products'))
->with(‘i', (request()->input(‘page', 1) – 1) * 5);
}
public function create()
{
return view(‘products.create');
}
public function store(Request $request)
{
$request->validate([
‘name' => ‘required',
‘detail' => ‘required',
]);
Product::create($request->all());
return redirect()->route(‘products.index')
->with(‘success','Product created successfully.');
}
public function show(Product $product)
{
return view(‘products.show',compact(‘product'));
}
public function edit(Product $product)
{
return view(‘products.edit',compact(‘product'));
}
public function update(Request $request, Product $product)
{
$request->validate([
‘name' => ‘required',
‘detail' => ‘required',
]);
$product->update($request->all());
return redirect()->route(‘products.index')
->with(‘success','Product updated successfully');
}
public function destroy(Product $product)
{
$product->delete();
return redirect()->route(‘products.index')
->with(‘success','Product deleted successfully');
}
}
Your model will look as shown in the image below.
Step 6: Create Blade Files
Folder: resources/views/products/layout.blade.php
resources/views/products/index.blade.php
resources/views/products/create.blade.php
@extends(‘products.layout')
@section(‘content')
<div class=”row”>
<div class=”col-lg-12 margin-tb”>
<div class=”pull-left”>
<h2>Add New Product</h2>
</div>
<div class=”pull-right”>
<a class=”btn btn-primary” href=”{{ route(‘products.index') }}”> Back</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@if ($errors->any())
<div class=”alert alert-danger”>
<strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
<ul>
@foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
<li>{{ $error }}</li>
@endforeach
</ul>
</div>
@endif
<form action=”{{ route(‘products.store') }}” method=”POST”>
@csrf
<div class=”row”>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12″>
<div class=”form-group”>
<strong>Name:</strong>
<input type=”text” name=”name” class=”form-control” placeholder=”Name”>
</div>
</div>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12″>
<div class=”form-group”>
<strong>Detail:</strong>
<textarea class=”form-control” style=”height:150px” name=”detail” placeholder=”Detail”></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center”>
<button type=”submit” class=”btn btn-primary”>Submit</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
@endsection
resources/views/products/edit.blade.php
@extends(‘products.layout')
@section(‘content')
<div class=”row”>
<div class=”col-lg-12 margin-tb”>
<div class=”pull-left”>
<h2>Edit Product</h2>
</div>
<div class=”pull-right”>
<a class=”btn btn-primary” href=”{{ route(‘products.index') }}”> Back</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@if ($errors->any())
<div class=”alert alert-danger”>
<strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
<ul>
@foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
<li>{{ $error }}</li>
@endforeach
</ul>
</div>
@endif
<form action=”{{ route(‘products.update',$product->id) }}” method=”POST”>
@csrf
@method(‘PUT')
<div class=”row”>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12″>
<div class=”form-group”>
<strong>Name:</strong>
<input type=”text” name=”name” value=”{{ $product->name }}” class=”form-control” placeholder=”Name”>
</div>
</div>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12″>
<div class=”form-group”>
<strong>Detail:</strong>
<textarea class=”form-control” style=”height:150px” name=”detail” placeholder=”Detail”>{{ $product->detail }}</textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class=”col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center”>
<button type=”submit” class=”btn btn-primary”>Submit</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
@endsection
resources/views/products/show.blade.php
Now that you have done with all code, all you need to do is just run one command in your cmd.
Wrapping up
In this blog, I introduced you to the OOPs concept, a fundamental programming paradigm. The main principles of OOPs were also explained. The blog also explained the step-by-step procedure to create a CRUD operation in Laravel.
Large programs are tough to write, but if the development and design teams adhere to object-oriented principles, they will be able to create better designs with fewer defects. Because each object exists on its own, it helps to increase the program's modularity.
I hope this blog was helpful for you. And if you are looking for web design or web development services, feel free to contact us!
